Factors affecting male fertility: a review

Male infertility is an urgent medical and demographic threat worldwide, in particular industrial regions suffering from environmental pollution. Here we performed analysis of epidemiological studies meta-analyses prevalence, causes, risk factors male reproductive disorders. Among the well-defined determining are hormonal imbalance, sexually transmitted infections, other inflammatory diseases, hereditary mutations, congenital malformations. Less studied causes acquired mutations gene polymorphisms, immune disorders, oxidative stress, chronic conditions. To date, there no consensus on contribution lifestyle, bad habits, working environment, climatic to infertility. As such, 40-50% cases characterized as idiopathic.